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Demystifying the Disease State: Understanding Diagnosis and Treatment Across the Bipolar Spectrum

College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL; deputy directory of research, CNS Clinical Research, Inc., Coral Springs, FL; flewisdo{at}bellsouth.net

It is estimated that only one-third of the people with bipolar disorder are correctly diagnosed, and even fewer are receiving appropriate treatment. This information is of concern, particularly in light of emerging data reflecting the potential negative consequences of failed or delayed diagnosis and lack of focused treatment. The article attempts to illuminate this complex disorder by describing the bipolar spectrum through a review of the criteria for diagnosis, aswell as practical advice on improving the detection of the disorder. Treatment options for bipolar disorder, with a focus on the latest pharmacological evidence base, as well as clinical recommendations regarding the safe and effective use of mood stabilizers and antidepressants are presented.

Key Words: bipolar spectrum • cyclothymia • hypomania • mania • rapid cycling • mixed state

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